Improvement in preparing- and bleaching paper-pulp



. @timidi M 5MM Y @stent @iwi/ef WILLIAM C. JOY AND JOHN CAMPBELL, OFPENN YAN, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 87,779, dated Ma/rch 16, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN PREPARING `ANZI) BLEAC'HING PAPER-PULP.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part o! the lama.

To all 'whom it 'ma/y conce/rn.

Be it known that weWILLIAM C. J OY and J HN CAMPBELL, of Penn Yan, in the county of Yates, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Preparing and Bleaching Paper-Pulp and liibrous materials; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation'of, the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section.

Figure 2 is a birds-eye view.

The letters of reference refer to the same parts in each gure lhe nature of our invention consists in making and using an apparatus, and applying chemical agents to bleach paper-pulp and other material, so as to accomplish, with our improvement, the following results, viz:

First, the eiiicacious change and removal of all coloriugmatter,without injuring the fibre or destroying it, and atl the same time freeing thepulp or material of all used agents.

Second, disintegrating the fibre while bleaching,with out macerating it. v

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe its mode of construction and operation.

A is the base on which the various parts are placed,

l and is identical with the floor of the bleaching-room.

a current of air through the gas-generator that carries the proper quantity of gas, to facilitate the bleaching. It must be placed higher than the engine, 0r the pipe O must be deflected upward, to prevent the agents or materials rising into the fan.

GJ@ a pipe extending from -the f an to the engine. It enters the engine, near itshottomgas shown in fig. l. Its use is to convey air into the engine, and discharge the same at the bottom of the mass being bleached. The end of the pipe must be directed in the course that the material is moved while passing around in the engine, so that its force will assist the motion of the material, and allow a greater quantity to be bleached at the same time. This pipe has the inductionfpipe of the gas-generator united with it, as shown in the figures.

D is the gas-generator. It must be made of lead, or other 'material that will be least corroded by action of the chemicals. Its shape is represented in iig. 1. It is placed into and is supported by a reservoir that will hold water. The reservoir may he provided witl1,`pipes for hot water or steam, to heat the generator, as required. 'Ihe generator is provided with a cover, that has a rim, or anch, at the under side, that fits into a channel that surrounds the top of the generator. The cver may be fastened if its own weight is not sufficient. The channel is thenA iilled with water to lute the joint,

to prevent gas escaping. The generator is provided with an agitator, as shown in fig. 1, to mix and agitate the chemicals, and it has a pipe at the bottom, for discharging sediment, and cleaning it, as shown in iig. 2. It is also provided with an induction-pipe, E, and eductioupipeF, as shown in each figure. v

E is'the induction-pipe. It is connected with the pipe O, and extends into the generator. It is provided' with a stop-cock, to regulate the quantity of air, or stop it, from the generator.

F is the eduction-pipeleading from the generator to the engine, as shown in the figures. It is provided witha stop-cock, to regulate or stop the passage of gas throught it. This pipe extends into the engine, and the end is bent downward, as shown in iig. 1. The use of this pipe is to convey the gas'into the engine, and discharge it when the current of air is operating upon Vthe material, thus producing the ozone modification,

oxygen, and using it for bleaching at the time it is generated.

Gr is the bleaching-engine. It is made in shape like the ordinary beatingengine, and is represented in the figures, orany other form or shape ofvessel may be used if preferred.

It is best to have the vessel provided with a cover, made in sections, so that 'the material may readily he put into it. That portion of the cover immediately above the induction, air, and gas-pipes must be securely fastened, to prevent the material from escaping.

One part of the cover may have an exhaust-pipe, I, to carry off the Waste and spent gas, and discharge it out ofthe bleaching-room.

A chlorine solution is put into the engine, of less strength than is used for bleaching in the ordinary way.

The material to be bleached is then putin, and the cylinder of the engine is put in motion, for the purpose of stirring the masse A current of air, at any temperature, is introduced by the pipe G at the same time,and a stream of gas is also introduced simultaneously with the air and stirring.

By these operations the ozone niodiication of oxygen is brought, at the instant it is created, inalmost immediate contact with the whole cf the material being bleached.

When the bleaching is accomplished, the gas is shut off, and, bythe continuous use of air, and stirring, the material is freed from chlorine before hydrochloric acid is formed to the injury of the material; and by the conjoint action of these agencies, the disintegra ion of fibre is more easily and perfectly accomplished, a longer fibre produced, with less waste of material by maceration, and the destruction of fine particles of fibre by the action of hydrochloric acid avoided.

H is a stirring-cylinder, with plain paddles, that will I carry the material and solutiony over the backfall, thus giving motion to the mass. l

I is a discharge-pipe, for conducting air, gas, and

vapor from the engine outfof the bleaching-room. 1t A must be made large enough to allow the escape of all the air and gas forced into the engine, and all gas and vapor arising from the chlorine solution.

If the air, gas, and vapor, are not injurious in the bleaching-room', asportion of the cover may be opened or removed, so that there will be no resistance tp their escape, which will allow the air and gas from the pipes l O and F to perform their functions with less resistance,

and allow ozone a free agency in changing and removing the coloring-matter.

4. The use of a current of air, for the purpose of removing chlorine froni fibrous materials after the process of bleaching, in the manner substantially as set f-t.. I l

5. Preventing the formation of hydrochloric acid in the mass or solution, by accomplishing the bleaching, and removing the chlorine, alsoA preventing the destruction of the line particles of fibre, or the hardening of any portion thereof, by the means and in the manner' specified.

6. .Disintegrating fibrous materials by the use of a powerful current of air forced into or among the same, While the material is being operated upon by any bleaching-agent in an open vessel, as herein described.

7. The use of a current of air to assist in giving rapid circulation to the material while being bleached.

8. The free discharge of the air, gas, and vapor from the bleaching-engine, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

WM. C. JOY. JOHN CAMPBELL. Witnesses:V

S. S. RAPLEE, GEO. C. KAUFMANN. 

